Developing a Discovery and Game-Based Learning Module on The Benefits of Friction Topic in Elementary School

Abstract

This research was conducted to develop a valid, practical, and effective teaching module for the topic of friction benefits by integrating Discovery Learning and Game-Based Learning approaches. The ADDIE development model comprising Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation was used as the research framework. In the analysis phase, curriculum and student needs were examined. The design phase involved the creation of module structure, learning worksheets (LKPD), and assessment instruments. The module was validated by content, language, and instructional media experts, with validation results exceeding 92%, categorized as very valid. A limited trial was conducted with fourth-grade students to evaluate practicality and effectiveness. Results showed that students found the module easy to understand and engaging, particularly through game-based learning activities. The effectiveness of the module was confirmed through pretest and posttest scores, which increased from 40.67 to 83.33, resulting in an N-Gain score of 0.72 (high category). These findings indicate that the module significantly improved student learning outcomes. It can be concluded that the developed teaching module is suitable for use in elementary IPAS classes and has the potential to enhance student engagement and conceptual understanding through interactive and discovery-based strategies